IBS is a chronic disorder affecting the large intestine, characterised by symptoms like cramping, abdominal pain, bloating, gas, and alternating diarrhoea and constipation. While the exact cause is unclear, factors such as intestinal infections, inflammation, changes in gut bacteria, stress, and hormonal fluctuations may contribute to its onset.

GERD is a chronic condition where stomach acid frequently flows back into the esophagus, irritating its lining. This can cause symptoms such as heartburn, chest pain, difficulty swallowing, a lump-like sensation in the throat, and regurgitation of food or sour liquid. If left untreated, GERD can lead to more serious complications, including damage to the esophagus.

Gastritis is the inflammation or irritation of the stomach lining, which can be either acute or chronic. Symptoms include nausea, vomiting, burning pain in the upper abdomen, and bloating. Causes of gastritis include excessive alcohol consumption, chronic vomiting, medications, bacterial infections (such as H. pylori), and other infections.

Crohn’s disease is a form of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that affects any part of the gastrointestinal tract, from the mouth to the anus. It causes inflammation of the digestive tract lining, leading to symptoms such as abdominal pain, severe diarrhea, weight loss, malnutrition, and fatigue. The inflammation from Crohn’s disease can penetrate deeply, resulting in complications both within and outside the digestive system.